Influence of ecoimmunonutrition supplement on intestinal mucosa morphology and gut barrier function in rats after operative stress / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of ecoimmunonutrition supplement on intestinal microecology, epithelial tight junctions, and barrier function in rats with surgical stress.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy SD rats after surgical trauma were randomly divided into four groups:(1) placebo group,(2)total parenteral nutrition(TPN) group,(3)enteral nutrition(EN) group and (4)ecoimmunonutrition (EEN)group respectively. Rats received isocaloric and isonitrogenous nutrition. Nutrients were administered via the neck vein and the needle jejunostomy for five days. The homogenated tissues of liver, lung, and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured to determine the bacterial translocation rate. The transmembrane binding proteins(occludin) was measured by immunohistochemistry. The ultrastructure and morphology of intestinal epithelial tight junctions in the intestine were observed by electron microscope. The feces in cecum was cultured for anaerobic bacterial growth and analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The amounts of lactobacteria and bifidobacteria in EEN group were significantly higher than those in TPN group(P<0.05). The expression levels of occludin in the intestine was significantly higher in EEN group than that in TPN and EN group. Furthermore, the intestinal epithelial tight junction and microvilli of EEN group were more intact compared with those of TPN group. The bacterial translocation rates of liver, lung and mesenteric lymph nodes were significantly lower in EEN and EN group than those in TPN group(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Application of ecoimmunonutrition can protect intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with operative stress, increase the expression of occludin, maintain the gut epithelial tight junction, and eliminate gut bacterial translocation.</p>

Changes of the bone mineral density of proximal femur after hip resurfacing arthroplasty / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the changes of periprosthetic bone mineral density in femur after hip resurfacing arthroplasty.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2002 to June 2005, a comparative study was carried out on 52 hips in 52 patients. Twenty-six patients (26 hips) who underwent Birmingham hip resurfacing arthroplasty (group BHR), and 26 patients (26 hips) who performed cementless total hip arthroplasty with Versys System stem (group THA). The periprosthetic bone mineral density of the femur was measured through dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of the Gruen zones at pre-operation, post-operation 3, 6, 12 and 24 months in patients from both group BHR and group THA. The bone mineral density of femoral neck in group BHR was measured too. Changes of bone mineral density ratio in proximal femur between pre-operation and post-operation were compared and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean ratio of bone mineral density of the proximal femur in group BHR reduced by 5.8%, 4.9%, 2.6% and 0.4%, in group THA reduced by 7.0%, 10.6%, 1.0% and 4.1% at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months respectively. In group BHR, the mean ratio of bone mineral density in range of interest 1 decreased to 89.7% at 6 months and increased to 103.8% at 24 months, in range of interest 7 decreased to 95.1% at 6 months and increased to 103.7% at 24 months. In group THA, the mean ratio of bone mineral density in range of interest 1 decreased to 90.8% at 6 months, 94.4% at 24 months and in range of interest 7 decreased to 94.2% at 3 months, 96.7% at 24 months. In group BHR, the bone mineral density of femoral neck was restored to the pre-operation level at 6 months. The bone mineral density in superior-lateral zone of femoral neck decreased to 97.1% at 3 months and increased to 107.4% at 24 months respectively. The bone mineral density in inferior-medial zone of femoral neck increased to 117.9% at 24 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The bone stock of proximal femur can be well preserved and recovered quickly after hip resurfacing arthroplasty.</p>

Expressed sequence tags analysis of a liver tissue cDNA library from a highly inbred minipig line / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Porcine liver performing efficient physiological functions in the human body is prerequisite for successful liver xenotransplantation. However, the protein differences between pig and human remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the liver expression profile of a highly inbred minipig line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cDNA library was constructed from liver tissue of an inbred Banna minipig. Two hundred randomly selected clones were sequenced then analysed by BLAST programme.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Alignments of the sequences showed 44% encoded previously known porcine genes. Among the 56% unknown genes, sequences of 72 clones had high similarities with known genes of other species and the similarities to human were mostly above 0.80. The other 40 clones showing no similarity to genes in National Centre for Biotechnology Information are newly discovered, expressed sequence tags specific to liver of inbred Banna minipig. Twenty-two of the 200 clones had full length encoding regions, 38 complete 5' terminal sequences and 140 complete 3' terminal sequences.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These newly discovered expression sequences may be an important resource for research involving physiological characteristics and medical usage of inbred pigs and contribute to matching studies in xenotransplantation.</p>

Preliminary study on human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-293 after porcine endogenous retrovirus infection / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the infectivity of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) via in vitro infection of human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-293.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PERV particles were detected by immunoelectron microscopy. PERV DNA and mRNA were studied in HEK-293 24 hours after the infection using polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcriptase-PCR respectively. The PERV types were also analyzed. PERV-gag protein was observed by confocal microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Retroviral particles were round under electron microscope. PERV-gag pol gene and gag protein were detected and expressed in the infected HEK-293 cells. The types of PERV were PERV-A and PERV-B. PERV-gag protein was also identified in the cytoplasm of infected cells by confocal microscopy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PERV is able to infect HEK-293 cell line in vitro; types of PERV-gag protein is also expressed as a result. Further studies are thus necessary in order to evaluate the possibility of xenozoonoses in pig-to-human xenotransplantation.</p>